What do hash values verify in the context of digital forensics?

In the context of digital forensics, hash values play a crucial role in verifying data integrity. By generating a hash value (often using algorithms such as MD5, SHA-1, or SHA-256) from a specific set of data, forensic analysts can create a unique fingerprint for that data. When the same data is accessed or copied, another hash is generated, and by comparing the two hash values, analysts can determine whether any alterations have occurred.

If the hash values match, it indicates that the data has remained unchanged, affirming its integrity. This is particularly important in forensics, where the authenticity and accuracy of evidence must be preserved to uphold the validity of investigations or legal proceedings. Consequently, the ability to compare hash values before and after data analysis is foundational for ensuring that the data remains untampered during the forensic process.

Other options do not align with the primary function of hash values in digital forensics. For example, verifying the speed of data transfer or the total amount of data stored on a device does not relate to the evaluation of data integrity. Similarly, while compressibility refers to the ability of data to be reduced in size, it does not address the idea of confirming whether the content has remained consistent over time.